indianajosh:

One of the greatest misunderstandings in the discourse of scientific and religious history is the notion of the “clash of ideologies” between science and religion. Any cursory glance at history shows that this was never really the case, and that science and religion indeed went more often hand in hand than without.

The clash, the conflict, was almost always primarily about conflicting pedagogy, conflicting methodology, the fear of one school of thought replacing another (the gradual replacement of Aristotelian science, for example). These quarrels tended to be political, concerned with hegemony, more than irreconcilable differences between scientific and religious thought.

Great images in the link.